Drilling apparatus.



H. W. MUHLEISEN. DRILLING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 4, 1909.

Patented June 13,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

H. W. MUHLEISEN.

DRILLING APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED 00T. 4, 1909.

Patented June 13, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

l rrnn srawa HENRY W. MUHLEISEN, 0F SAN FRANCISC, CALIFOm, SSIGNOR T0 EUGENE' SCHMITZ, 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

naILLrNe arranarus.

. Specicationof Letters Patent. Patented une t3, g. Application filed October 4, 1909. Serial No. 520,930;

To'. all whom 'it may concern: i

Be it known that I, HENRY W. Murri.- nIsEN, a citizen of the United States, rev siding in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drilling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

rlhe hereinafter described invention re-y lates to an improved apparatus for the sinking of a casing or shell any given or required distance below the surface of/the ground for any desired purpose, as for instance, to determine the character of the soil, to ascertain as to the values contained therein in connection with the work of mine prospecting, or for the sinking of an oil Well or wells generally, in fact the invention being designed for all uses to which ground boring,

machinery may be applied; the object of the invention being to expedite the Work of sinking the drill, to simplify the construction of the Working parts, to improve the construction and cutting action of the drill section of the casing or shell, and in providing means for forcing the vdrilled core4 under pressure from Within the casing or shell being sunk within the ground.

To comprehend the invention reference should be had to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Wherein Figure 1 is a sectional elevation illustrating the sinking of a casing or shell, the same being broken, the pivotal point forthe casing or shell and the swivel connected therewith being sectioned, the said view disclosing the muck beingv forced upwardly from Within the bore during the drilling action. Fig. 2 is a similar View, illustrating the ejecting of the core from within theshell or casing, the swivel being discon nected from the drill casing for permitting a free discharge of the core piece. Fig. 3

-is an enlarged perspective view of the drill section of the rotatable casing 4or shell. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the drill lseetion of the rotatable 'casing or shell,'illus In the drawings, the numeral 1 is use-d to` indicate the rotatable casing or shell, which is composed of a series of connected or coupled sections. rlhese sections are coupled or'screwed together as the work of drilling progresses. The uppermost section is coupled tothe drive section 2, which carries a gear 3 meshing with a'driven pinion 4, actuated from any suitable source of power., The lowermost section lof the casing or shell 1 constitutes the drill section of the rotatable casing or shell. This section differs from the 'remaining sections of the rotatable shell or casing, inasmuch as it comprises an inner tube 5, of a diameter equal to that of the rotatable shell or casing, which tube is enveloped by an outer tube 6, securely fitted thereover and united thereto in any suitable manner. Through the walls of this double tube drill section, a series` ofl spirally disf posed slots or openings 7 are formed, which slots are preferably triangular in shape and closed by a suitable filler 7 preferably of wood. These slots are disposedthroughout the length of the drill section, the lowermost one being at the exposed edge 0f the section and forms, so to say, a cutting tooth, which acts against the surface of the material being drilled. Owing to the outer tube 6 fitted over the tube 5, the drill section will cut a bore slightly larger in diameter than that of lthe casing 1, which acts as a stem of the drill 'by means of the cap 13, fitted thereon and which bears against the shouldered portion- 13 of the tube 11.y The drive section 2 extends through a cylindrical shell 14, which is fitted into an opening dug in the ground andl surrounds the bore to be drilled. This cylindrical shell 14, is 'considerably larger 'in Ydiameter than 'that of the drill section `1, and the same is closed by the cap 14 kscrewed thereon to form a compressor chamber 15, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described. Dur- "ing the operation of drilling the cap 14; is

removed, so as to permit of a free overflow for the muck being forced upwardly `under pressure from the bottom of the bore through the annular `passageway or clearance space 8.

Into the upper end of the feed tube 11 eX- tends a guide 16, with which ,connects a water and air supply pipe 1.6 and the res- Iervoir 17 containing the abrasive material, the feed of which into the guide 16 may be controlled in any suitable manner. In the present case preference is given to adamantine as the abrasive material, which is conveyed by the water pressure' admitted through the supply pipe 16 through the feed tube and rotating casing or casing stem 1 to the 'bottom of the drill section. As the adamantine reaches the bottom of the drill .section the same is received and carried around by the tooth in the lower end` over the surface to be drilled and the desired cutting effect thus produced. The material or soil ground away or cut by the abrasive maresult that the pressure thus placed onto the walls of the drill section forces the same slightly. apart, outwardly Haring the lower end of the-tube 6l and inwardly flaring the lower end of the tube 5, Fig. 4 of the drawings. ,The result of this slight reverse flaring of the walls of the drill section is, the outward Hare of the lower end ofthe tube 6 causes a bore to be made slightly larger in diameter than that portion'of the drill section above the cutting edge, whilethe inward flare of the lower end of the tube 5 causes a core to lbe cut, when drilling through hard material, slightly less in diameter than the interior of vsaid tube, which permits of the core moving freely upwardly within said drill section. Asthe drill section wears down beyond the lowermost of the series of spirally disposed openings 7, the second opening of said series is brought lnto action as a cutting tooth, the filling piece 7 falling from within the same and being ground to a pulp passes ofl' with the muck. By means of a small downward extension 8 in each slot 7, into which a portion of the filling piece 7 is fitted, the filling piece is held into its slot. The moment the wear of the drilling section passes beyond this slotted extension 8, the filling piece is released. Y

When the drilling is through hard material where a core isformed and it becomes necessary to remove the same from within the drill section, the drive mechanism is.

stopped and the drive section?. is disconnected from the swivel by unscrewing the cap 12. The cap 14 is thenscrewed onto the embedded shell 14 and air under pressure from the pipe 15', which leads from a suitable compressor, is admitted into the chamber 15, from whence it escapes through the clearance space 8 into they drill section beneath the core piece 10 to be removed, the pressure of the air forcing the same upwardly through the casing stem for the drill section until carried beyond thel` open end thereof. yInasmuch as the core piece 10 is drilled slightly `less in diameter than the interior of the drill section and its casing stem, the same will move freely upward under the influence of the air pressure placed thereon. Y Where the drill section is formed from Single tube provided with a projecting tooth, the wear thereon is at. an outward inclination, hence'thesame cuts a core-piece, when drilling through hard material, as for in* stance quartz, of a diameter slightly greater than the interior diameter of the bodyportion of the drill section, which results in the core piece clogging the same. By constructing the drill section as herein described, such clogging is successfully overcome and the difficulty above expressed disposed of. The spreading of the seam joint of the double tube drillsection to reversely fiare the cutlting edges thereof, by the packing of the abrasive material therein, is a factor which will readily appeal -to those requiring the use of the apparatus for deep boring.

The upwardow of the muck during the operation of drilling is indicated by arrows on Fig." 1 of the drawings, while the iiow of the air under pressure for expelling the core piece from Within the drill section and its stem casing, is indicated by arrows on Fig. 2 of the drawings.

An important feature of the invention resides in thelprovision of the filling members 7,before described; These filling members when in place constitute in effect a continuation of the walls of the tubes or bit sections 5 and 6, whereby said walls are free from openings at these points, except such of vthose openings as are lowermost and which constitute the grinding edge of the drill. Such a construction has many advantages among which may beV noted the fact that when the parts are coupled up as shown in Fig. 2 in connection with the air compressor,

'the discharge from the pipe 15', will, in-

stead of passing through the openings 7 and seeking an outlet at the top of the tubes, find its way to the lowermost edge of the drill and beneath the core piece 10 to be removed. Again, the closing of the apertures which successively constitute the cutting teeth, prevents the choking the same, the filling pieces being automatically released when the bit is worn down, and at the same time since the drilling bit is composed of two tubular sections, the same may be packed with abrasive material, if desired. l

Havingthus described the invention what is claimed as n'ew and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is 1. A drill bit section comprising two concentric tubes having a plurality of apertures or perforations arranged substantially throughout the length thereof, and a filling piece temporarily held in each` of the said apertures so that the apertures, as the filling pieces are released, form successive cutting teeth, for the bit section. j

2. In an apparatus for the described purpose, the combination with the rotatable stem casing, a tubular drill section connected `to the lower end thereof and having a series of spirally disposed openings formed through the wall thereof, said openings acting successively as cutting teeth, means for supplying through the stem casing under pres sure abrasive material, andmeans for temporarily filling said openings whereby the drill section is free from openings intermediate its ends and the abrasive material will be fed directly to the cutting edge of the drill section.

3. In combination with a rotatable stem casing, a drill section composed of two tubes lconnected to the lower end thereof and having a series of spirally disposed openings formed therein Vthroughout the length thereof. and acting successively as cutting teeth, and a removable filling piece temporarily held within each of the said spirally disposed openings of the drill section.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a rotatable -stem casing, a drive section secured to its upper end, and a double tube drill section connected to the lower end thereof, the drill section having a series of spirally disposed openings formed through he walls thereof for approximately the length thereof, feeding means for supplying abrasive material through the stem casing to the drill section, mechanism for supplying airunder pressure around the drill section through the drilled bore to `the interior of the drill section for forcing the core therefrom and from within the stem casing, and automatically releasable filling means one for each opening of the drill section whereby said section is free from openings intermediate its ends and .said air and abrasive material will be fed to the Vlower edge of the drill section.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, thecombination of a drill section comprising 'a tube, having a series of spirally disposed openings formed therethrough for acting successively 'as cutting teeth, and a filling piece for each opening adapted to be automatically released as the surrounding wall of the tube is worn.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drill section f comprising a plurality of concentric tubes,

wall of the tube is worn.

8. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drill section comprising a plurality of concentric tubes, having a series of spirally disposed openings formed therethrough for acting successively as cutting teeth, a filling piece for each opening having an offset extension filling in an extension of the opening substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drilling section comprising a tube having a series of spirally disposed triangular openings formed therethrough for acting successively as cutting teeth, a wooden filling piece for each opening, and each of said filling pieces having a downwardly extending projection fitting in asimilar recess in the wall of the tube, substantially as and for 'the purpose described.

10. In an apparatus of the character de-- scribed, a drilling section comprising an inner tube, an outer tube snugly fitted to the lower end of the inner tube, each of sa1d tubeshaving a series of registering spirally disposed openings, and an automatically releasable filling for each opening, the lower ends of the respect-ive tubes being adapted to be oppositely flared, substantially as and p for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- HENRY-W. MUHLEISEN. Witnesses:

N. A. ACKER, v D. B. RICHARDS. 

